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  "schemaVersion": "cartofreako-atoll-evidence-v1",
  "lifecycle": "exploration-only",
  "checkedOn": "2026-08-10",
  "studyArea": {
    "id": "majuro-atoll-canary",
    "name": "Majuro Atoll",
    "country": "Republic of the Marshall Islands",
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      "authority": "U.S. Geological Survey",
      "title": "One Meter Topobathymetric Digital Elevation Model for Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, 1944 to 2016",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.5066/F7416VXX",
      "access": "public",
      "licenseSpdx": "US-PD",
      "redistribution": "permitted",
      "evidenceType": "mixed",
      "sourcePeriod": "1944/2016 multi-source inputs",
      "spatialResolution": "1 meter grid; checked raster is 46,227 by 23,813 cells",
      "verticalDatum": "Local Mean Sea Level after source-datum adjustment; horizontal CRS ITRF2008 / UTM zone 59N",
      "uncertainty": "Published validation reports land RMSE 0.197 m, Landsat-8-derived bathymetry RMSE 1.066 m, and WorldView-3-derived bathymetry RMSE 1.112 m; uncertainty varies by source region and is not a per-cell field.",
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      "authority": "U.S. Geological Survey",
      "title": "Inundation Exposure Assessment for Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K1GD9W",
      "access": "public",
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      "verticalDatum": "Water level 0.762 m above Mean Higher High Water, derived from the ITRF2008 / UTM zone 59N TBDEM and local vertical transformations",
      "uncertainty": "Cumulative vertical uncertainty is 0.192 m RMSE. The selected 30-inch increment is supportable at 95% confidence; its probability grid represents 750 Monte Carlo DEM realizations with values from zero through one.",
      "status": "canary-source",
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      "id": "usgs-laura-freshwater-1987",
      "authority": "U.S. Geological Survey",
      "title": "Ground-water resources of the Laura area, Majuro Atoll, Marshall Islands",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874047",
      "access": "metadata-only",
      "licenseSpdx": "US-PD",
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      "evidenceType": "reference",
      "sourcePeriod": "field observations reported in 1987",
      "spatialResolution": "Monitoring wells and test holes; machine-readable coordinates UNAVAILABLE",
      "verticalDatum": "UNAVAILABLE",
      "uncertainty": "Report-level estimates and observations; machine-readable uncertainty surface UNAVAILABLE",
      "status": "reference-only",
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      "id": "noaa-crw-marshall-islands-v3-1",
      "authority": "NOAA Coral Reef Watch",
      "title": "Marshall Islands Regional 5 km Bleaching Heat Stress Maps and Gauges, Version 3.1",
      "url": "https://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/product/vs/gauges/marshall_islands.php",
      "access": "public",
      "licenseSpdx": "UNAVAILABLE",
      "redistribution": "review-required",
      "evidenceType": "mixed",
      "sourcePeriod": "near-real-time observations and weekly outlooks; snapshot date required at acquisition",
      "spatialResolution": "5 km satellite products; outlook source grid 0.5 degree",
      "verticalDatum": "not applicable",
      "uncertainty": "Regional gauges use a 90th-percentile aggregation; pixel-level and forecast uncertainty require product documentation review.",
      "status": "candidate-incomplete",
      "supportsLayers": [
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        "ocean-heat"
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      "id": "topobathymetry",
      "status": "canary-rendered",
      "evidenceType": "observation",
      "sourceIds": ["usgs-majuro-tbdem-1944-2016"],
      "uncertainty": "Use source-specific land and bathymetric validation; never apply one RMSE to all cells without metadata support.",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "1944/2016 composite",
      "limitation": "A multi-date composite is not a single-date surface, some northern islands are excluded, and the approximately 10 m canary derivative is not the authoritative 1 m raster."
    },
    {
      "id": "inundation",
      "status": "canary-rendered",
      "evidenceType": "scenario",
      "sourceIds": ["usgs-majuro-inundation-2016"],
      "uncertainty": "Selected 30-inch marine-inundation scenario uses the published 0.192 m cumulative vertical RMSE and a separate zero-to-one probability surface.",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "2016 source surface; 0.762 m scenario above MHHW; analysis 2018; published 2019",
      "limitation": "This is a static-water scenario with hydrologic connectivity, not an observed flood, forecast, engineering design surface, or present condition."
    },
    {
      "id": "freshwater",
      "status": "incomplete",
      "evidenceType": "observation",
      "sourceIds": ["usgs-laura-freshwater-1987"],
      "uncertainty": "UNAVAILABLE for a spatial field",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "reported 1987",
      "limitation": "Reference supports context only; a redistributable, dated spatial dataset has not been identified."
    },
    {
      "id": "infrastructure",
      "status": "UNAVAILABLE",
      "evidenceType": "UNAVAILABLE",
      "sourceIds": [],
      "uncertainty": "UNAVAILABLE",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "UNAVAILABLE",
      "limitation": "No authoritative redistributable atoll-scale infrastructure source was established; local and regional review is required."
    },
    {
      "id": "shoreline",
      "status": "incomplete",
      "evidenceType": "derived",
      "sourceIds": ["usgs-majuro-tbdem-1944-2016"],
      "uncertainty": "Threshold and source-date sensitivity must be quantified before use.",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "1944/2016 composite",
      "limitation": "A shoreline derived from a composite elevation model is not a current legal or observed shoreline."
    },
    {
      "id": "reef",
      "status": "incomplete",
      "evidenceType": "observation",
      "sourceIds": ["noaa-crw-marshall-islands-v3-1"],
      "uncertainty": "UNAVAILABLE for reef geometry",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "acquisition date required",
      "limitation": "Heat-stress station regions do not provide an atoll-scale benthic reef polygon, and no NOAA raster was downloaded for this canary."
    },
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      "id": "ocean-heat",
      "status": "candidate",
      "evidenceType": "observation",
      "sourceIds": ["noaa-crw-marshall-islands-v3-1"],
      "uncertainty": "Retain product version, daily source date, aggregation method, and forecast/observation distinction.",
      "observationOrScenarioDate": "daily snapshot required",
      "limitation": "Five-kilometer fields cannot support one-meter atoll claims, and no NOAA raster was downloaded or rendered for this canary."
    }
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  "preparedEvidence": [
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    "Current observed shoreline independent of the multi-date TBDEM",
    "Redistributable benthic reef geometry with local review",
    "Machine-readable freshwater-lens field with coordinates and uncertainty",
    "Marshall Islands community and regional governance review",
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